Use approved terminology for key terms, technical terms and product names.
en App: use app, not application or program.
en Pick, choose: use pick in fun, less formal, lightweight situations (pick a color, not choose a color); use choose for formal situations. Do not use select unless the UI needs it.
en Drive: use for any drive type (hard drive, CD drive, external hard drive). Name the specific drive type when needed.
en Get: fine as a synonym for obtain or come into possession of. Avoid for other general meanings.
en Info: use in most situations unless information fits better. Use info when you point the reader elsewhere (for more info, see <link>).
en PC: use for personal computing devices. Use computer for situations about PCs and Macs. Do not switch between PC and computer.
en You: address the user as you, directly or through first- and second-person pronouns. Avoid third-person references such as user: they sound formal and impersonal.
en The password isn’t correct, so please try again. Passwords are case-sensitive. -> पासवडर् चुकȧचो आसा, देखून उपकार करून परत येत्न करचो. पासवडर् हे संवेदनशील आसतात.
en This product key didn’t work. Please check it and try again. -> हȣ उत्पाद कȧ सारकɅ काम कǐरना. उपकार करून तपासची आनी Ǔतका तपासचɅ आनी परत येत्न करचो.
en All ready to go -> वापरूंक सगळɅ तयार आसा
en Would you like to continue? -> तुमकांफुडɅ चालूदवरूंकजाय?
en Give your PC a name—any name you want. If you want to change the background color, turn high contrast off in PC settings. -> तुमच्या संगणकाक एक नांव ǑदवचɅ- PC क तुमकां जाय तɅ नांव- खंयचɅय नांव ǑदवचɅ. तुमकां फाटभूंय जरȣ फाटभुंयेचो रंग बदलचो बदलपाचो आसल्यार, संगणक मांडावळीनी उच्च गुणवैधम्यर् PC मांडावळींत अदȣक कॉन्ट्रास्ट बंद करचɅ. करचो.
en Picture password is a new way to help you protect your touchscreen PC. You choose the picture—and the gestures you use with it—to create a password that’s uniquely yours. -> तुमचे टचस्क्रȧन संगणकाचे राखणेक मजत करूंक तुमच्या ͬचत्र PC क राखण Ǒदवंक, ͬचत्राचो पासवडर् हो एक नवो मागर् आसा. तुमी ͬचत्र – ǓनवडचɅ — आनी ताचे वांगडा तुमकां वापरचे आͧशल्ले वरवीं तुमकांजाय ते हावभाव Ǔनवडचे — करचे, — जाचे वरवीं तुमचो असो पासवडर् तयार करूंक जो फकत तुमचोच आसता. एकमात्र पासवडर् Ǔनमार्ण करचो.
en Let apps give you personalized content based on your PC’s location, name, account picture, and other domain info. -> तुमच्या संगणकाचɅ PC चɅ थळ, नांव, खात्याचɅ ͬचत्र आनी हेर डोमेन माǑहतीचेर डोमेनाचे माǑहतीचेर आदारȣत खाजगी मजकूर ऍिप्लकेशनान तुमकां ऍिप्लकेशनाक Ǒदवंक वैयक्तीक सामुग्रीǑदवं दȣ.
en To go back and save your work, click Cancel and finish what you need to. -> फाटȣं वचूंक आनी, तुमचɅ काम सांबाळूंक, रद्द करचɅ चेर क्लȣक हाचेर िक्लक करचɅ आनी तुमकां आनीतुमकां ͩकदɅ करपाचे आसा करूंक जाय तɅ सɉपोवचɅ.
en To confirm your current picture password, just watch the replay and trace the example gestures shown on your picture. -> तुमच्या सध्याच्या ͬचत्रͬचत्राच्या पासवडार्ची खात्री करूंक, तुमच्या ͬचत्राची ǐरप्ले पळोवची आनी तुमच्या ͬचत्रात दाखयल्लȣं हावभाव उधारणां ͬचत्राचीǐरप्ले पळोवन हावभावांतल्यान देखी सोदून काडचीं.
en The updates are installed, but Windows 10 Setup needs to restart for them to work. After it restarts, we’ll keep going from where we left off. -> अद्यावतां स्थापीत केल्यांत, पूण तांकां काम करूंक WindowsपूणतांकांकामकरूंकWindows 10 स्थापना सॅटअप परत सुरू करपाची गरज आसा. तो परत सुरू जाल्या उपरांत, आमी जंय सोͫडल्लɅ, थंय सावन परत सुरू करतले तो परत सुरू केल्या उपरांत, आमी जंय सांͫडल्लɅ, थंय सावन परत सुरू करतले.
en If you restart now, you and any other people using this PC could lose unsaved work. -> तुमी जरȣ आतां परत सुरू केल्यार, हो संगणक PC वापरपी तुमी आनी, तुमीआनी हेर लोकांचɅ सांबाळूंक नाͧशल्लɅ काम घडये शेणूंक शकता शेणूंक शकता.
en This document will be automatically moved to the right library and folder after you correct invalid or missing properties. -> तुमी अवैध वा शेͨणल्ले गुणधमर् सारके केल्या उपरांत, हो दस्तावेज आपसूक होदस्तावेज स्वचालȣत उजव्यान आͧशल्ले लायब्ररȣंत आनी लायब्ररȣंत आनी फोल्डरांत वतलो.
en Something bad happened! Unable to locate downloaded files to create your bootable USB flash drive. -> ͩकदɅ तरȣ वायट घडलां! तुमचो बूट करपाचो USB फ्लॅश ड्रायव्ह Ǔनमार्ण फ्लॅशड्रायव्ह Ǔनमार्ण करूंक, डावनलोड केल्ल्यो फायलȣ खंय आसात त्यो सोदूंक असमथर् आसात.
Use the second person pronoun to address the user and ask politely.
Use we for a more personal feel.
Keep the message short. Tell the user only what they need to know to decide.
An acronym is made of the initial letters of the major parts of a compound term. Examples WYSIWYG (What You See Is What You Get), DNS (Domain Name Server), HTML (Hypertext Markup Language).
UNESCO: युनॅस्को, युनायटेड नेशन्स एज्युकेशनल, सायंǑटफȧक एन्ड कल्चरल ऑगर्नायजेशन
UNICEF: युǓनसेफ, युनायटेड नेशन्स इंटरनॅशनल ͬचल्ड्रन्स इमजर्न्सी फंड
WHO: हू, वल्डर् हॅल्थ ऑगर्नायजेशन
BITS: ǒबट्स, ǒबलार् इिन्स्टट्यूट ऑफ टॅक्नॉलॉजी एन्ड सायन्स
SAFF: सॅफ, सावथ एͧशया ͩफल्म फॅिस्टवल
Typical Konkani acronyms take the first syllable of each word.
BJP: बीजेपी, भारतीय जनता पाटȹ
MPT: एमपीटȣ, मुरमुगांव पोर्ट ट्रस्ट
SGF: एसजीएफ, सेव गोवा फोरम
GFA: जीएफए, गोवा फुटबॉल असोͧसएशन
PP: पीपी, पॉͨझǑटव्ह ͪपपल
KTC: केटȣसी, कदंबा ट्रान्सपोटर् कॉपȾरेशन
RTO: आरटȣओ, रोड ट्रॅͩफक ऑͩफसर
PMC: पीएमसी, पणजी म्युिन्सपल कॉपȾरेशन
ABVP: एबीव्हȣपी, अͨखल भारतीय ͪवद्याथȸ पǐरशद
Never put a generic term after an acronym or abbreviation when one of its letters already stands for that term. Correct it even when the English version has it.
Redundant: RPC call, HTML language, TCP/IP-Protocol, PIN Number.
Redundant in Konkani: पीन नंबर, पॅन नंबर.
In online help or documentation, spell out the words of an acronym at its first use. Give the Konkani translation, the US term and the acronym.
Never create a new acronym from the Konkani translated term. Leave the English acronym or abbreviation intact.
Many acronyms are standardized and stay untranslated. Add the full English spelling only when the acronym needs explaining. A commonly known acronym stands alone.
Never localize or spell out: ANSI (American National Standards Institute), ISO (International Standards Organization), ISDN, DOS, DSL, CD, DVD.
Konkani has no articles. en an apple -> आपोल, en a book -> पुस्तक, en the door -> दार
Product names and untranslated feature names take no definite or indefinite article. Treat them as proper nouns in Konkani.
Do not attach a genitive s to a trademarked product name: it reads as a modification of the name. Add to a product or component name with a hyphen or use a periphrastic construction.
Microsoft’s products -> Microsoft products, Products by Microsoft
en Windows Mail shares your Internet Connection settings with Internet Explorer -> Internet Explorer वांगडा Windows Mail तुमच्या माजाळɅ कनॅक्शन मांडावळींची वांटणी करता
en Website addresses will be sent to Microsoft -> Microsoft क वॅबसायटȣचे नामे धाडटले
Translated feature names take a definite or indefinite article. They are not proper names.
en Activate a window by hovering over it with the mouse -> मावसा वरवीं ͪवंडोचेर भɉवडावन ताका सक्रȧय करचɅ
en Select a location closest to your office -> तुमच्या कायार्लयाक लागींचɅ थळ वɅच्चɅ
For an English loan word, check motivation (formal features that allow integration into the Konkani noun class system), analogy (an equivalent Konkani term whose article can be used), and frequency (the article used most often in other technical documentation).
Check approved terminology to confirm a new loan word and its article, to avoid inconsistency.
en Please register this key. -> उपकार करून हȣ कȧ नɉदणीकृत करची.
en Access to this link is not possible. -> ह्या ͧलंकाक ऍक्सॅस जावंक शकना.
Conjunctions convey a conversational tone. Start a sentence with a conjunction for an informal tone and style.
en old As <product> gains features, there is a risk that older content may not display correctly. -> new But because of these features older content may not display correctly.
en While the document is open, it’s not possible to create a copy.: old जेन्ना दस्तावेज उगडो आसता, प्रतǓनमार्ण करपशक्य आसना. -> new दस्तावेज उगडो आसतना, प्रत Ǔनमार्ण करप शक्य ना.
en While you’re working in the file, you cannot close this window.: old जेन्ना तुमी फायलȣंत काम करता आसतना, तुमी हो ͪवंडो बंद करूंक शकनात. -> new तुमी जेन्ना फायलȣंत काम करतात तेन्ना तुमी हो ͪवंडो बंद करूंक शकनात.
en While data are saved on storage, it’s not possible to add a new reader.: old सांठ्याचेर डेटा सांबाͧळल्लो आसता तेन्ना, नव्या वाचकाचɅ संयोजन करप शक्य आसना. -> new सांठ्या चेर डेटा सांबाͧळल्लो आसतना, नव्या वाचकाचɅ संयोजन करप शक्य ना.
A noun that signifies manhood is masculine, one that signifies womanhood is feminine, one that signifies neither is neuter. The rule is not absolute: बैल (ox) is masculine, म्हस (buffalo) is feminine, माजर (cat) is neuter although the animal is female.
A modifier is optional in phrase structure. Removing it does not usually affect grammaticality. A modifier can be a word, a phrase or a whole clause. It gives more accurate definitional meaning to another element.
en Disk space too low. -> ͫडस्क सुवात सामकȧअती उणी आसा.
en Delete some unnecessary files from the folder. -> फोल्डरांतल्यान कांय गरज नाͧशल्ल्यो फायलȣ वगळावच्यो.
Examples of words that differ only by context: जून (month), जून (ripe); चार (number), चार (fresh grass); राजू (name of a person), राजू (rope); नेम (rule), नेम (trench); पेर (Guvava), पेर (Guvava tree).
Bulleted lists use the same sign as in English.
Comma separates several names or items written consecutively, and marks short pauses. Example हांवɅ लॉग ऑन केलɅ, पूण...
en To enhance the security and performance of your computer, we recommend that you turn on Windows Update. -> तुमच्या संगणकाची सुर¢ा आनी सादरȣकरण वाडोवपाक, तुमी Windows अद्यावत सुरूUpdate टनर् ऑन करचɅ अशी आमी ͧशफारस करतात.
Colon says that what follows proves, clarifies, explains or enumerates. Example उपकार करून हांगा ल¢ ǑदवचɅ:
en Full computer name: -> संगणकाचɅ पुराय नांव:
en Computer description: -> संगणकाचɅ वणर्न:
Wrong use of the colon, avoid: We travelled to: Mapusa, Panaji and Madgao. -> आमी प्रवास केलोःकेलो : म्हापशɅ, पणजी आनी मडगांव.
Wrong use of the colon, avoid: This saved file: could be viewed in Internet explorer. -> हȣ सांबाͧळल्लȣ फायल : माजाळɅ ऍक्सप्लोररांतल्यान दृश्य करपाक शकतात.
Hyphen divides words between syllables, links parts of a compound word, and connects the parts of an inverted or imperative verb form. Example बरɅ-वायट मनशान समजून घेवपाक जाय.
En dash is the minus sign, usually with spaces before and after. It is often used in place of the word to. Example 11–05 वेळार तुमी ǓनमाणɅ लॉग ऑन केल्लɅ.
En dash also marks number ranges, with no spaces around it. Example 1–5पान क्रमांक पळोवचे.
Em dash: use only to emphasize an isolated element or to introduce a non-essential element. It marks a break in thought or sentence structure. Example हांवɅ म्हणलɅ कȧ —
Ellipses mark words omitted from a sentence.
en Save As... -> अशɅ सांबाळचɅ...
en Downloading updates... -> अद्यावतांअपडेट्स डावनलोड करतां...
en Updating the software… -> सॉफ्टवॅर अद्यावतअपडेट करतां...
Period . marks a full stop at the end of declarative sentences and other complete statements, and follows many abbreviations.
en Please try again later. -> उपकार करून मागीर येत्नयत्न करचो.
en File is being saved. -> फायल सांबाळ्या.
en Delete this file. -> हȣ फायल वगळावची.
Double quotation marks “” denote speech. Example “तूं म्हाका तɅ सांगनाका”. रामान म्हणलɅ.
Single quotation marks ‘’ denote a quotation. Example ‘कषाय मधुर’ रवीन्द्र केळेकारांचɅ ǓनमाणɅ पुस्तक.
No space between the parentheses and the text inside them. Example (उपकार करून तुमी मुखावयल्या पांवड्यांचɅ अनुसरण करचɅ.)
A split infinitive puts a word or phrase, usually an adverb, between to and the bare infinitive.
en To go nearby that mountain where nobody has gone before. -> जंय हाचे पयलȣं कोणूच वचूंक ना त्या दɉगुल्लेदɉगरा लागीं वच्चɅ. Here the adverb nearby / लागीं splits the infinitive to go.
Subjunctive is a verb mood for a wish, emotion, possibility, judgment, opinion, necessity, or an action that has not yet happened. It shows only in certain forms and tenses.
en Try to save this file. -> हȣ फायल सांबाळपाचो येत्नयत्न करचो.
Use simple tenses. Simple present is easiest to understand. Avoid future tense unless the event really happens in the future and simple present cannot work. Use simple past for events that already happened.
An English verb can stay a loan word and follow the syntactic and morphological rules of Konkani.
en chat -> चॅट्स, चॅटेड, चॅटȣंग
en crawl -> क्रावल्स, क्रावल्ड, क्रावलȣंग
en debug -> ͫडबग्स, ͫडबग्ड, ͫडबगींग
Translate verbs in error messages consistently. If the language allows omitting the predicate be, omit it, and do so consistently in every error message. Be concise without changing the meaning of the source string.
Be consistent with the verb to be: en The document is too large. -> दस्तावेज खूब व्हड आसा.; en Document too large. -> दस्तावेज खूब व्हड.
In complete sentences, use verbs and the same tense as the source string: en Access was denied. -> प्रवेश न्हयकाǐरल्लो.; en Access denied. -> प्रवेश न्हयकाǐरल्लो.
Rephrase is with have when needed: en The file '%s' is an unknown graphics format. -> फायल ‘%s’ अ£ात सͬचत्रांची आकृती आसा.
may + verb can become verb + possibly: en The application may attempt to convert the graphic. -> सͬचत्र रुपांतरȣत करपाक ऍिप्लकेशन करूं येता.
Shorten and rephrase when needed, e.g. to A problem occurred while connecting to the network share "%1!s!": en A problem occurred while trying to connect to the network share "%1!s!." -> "%1!s!" नॅटवकर् वांटणेशॅरा कडेन संपकर् करतना समस्या उप्रासल्या.
Shorten where possible, e.g. to Error: "%1!s!" (error #%2!lx!): en The following error occurred: "%1!s!" (error #%2!lx!) -> मुखा वयलȣ चूक उप्रासल्या : '%1!s!' (चूक #%2!lx!)
Shorten where possible, e.g. to Unknown error. / No error: en An unknown error has occurred./No error occurred. -> अ£ात चूक उप्रासल्या /चूक उप्रासूंक ना.
Translate the English gerund of a continuous operation: Send—Sending (धाडचɅ – धाडटा), Edit—Editing (संपादन करचɅ – संपादन करता), Delete—Deleting (वगळावचɅ – वगळायता).
Accessibility options and programs make the computer usable by people with cognitive, hearing, physical or visual disabilities.
Hardware and software components give a flexible, customizable user interface, alternative input and output methods, and greater exposure of screen elements.
Product, application and feature names are rarely translated. They are often trademarked, sometimes including feature names (for example IntelliSense™). Verify a name is translatable and not protected before translating it.
Version numbers always contain a period, for example Version 4.2. Note the punctuation of Version x.x.
Version numbers are usually part of version strings, but they are not the same thing.
Adapt the product to the target country or region. Sensitive or potentially offensive issues can occur in maps, flags, country/region, city and language names, art and graphics, and cultural content such as encyclopedia content or text with historical or political references.
Keep the most current information. Check maps and other graphical representations of countries and regions for accuracy and political restrictions.
Re-check country/region, city and language names even when previously approved. They change regularly.
Check cultural content, clip art, religious symbols, and body and hand gestures against the target culture.
An error message tells the user an error must be corrected for the program to keep running. It can prompt an action or report an error that requires restarting the computer.
Make the target translation natural and empathetic, not robot-like.
en Oops, that can't be blank... -> ओहोओ, तɅ ǐरकामɅ आसूंक शकना...
en Not enough memory to process this command. -> हो आदेश फुडɅ व्हरूंक, फावो Ǔततलȣ मॅमोरȣ ना.
Use consistent terminology and language style. Do not just translate the US strings as they appear.
Form negative sentences by placing the negative marker after the main verb, or by placing the adjective that describes the negative quality before the verb.
Use the target phrases below for common error message phrases. Other wording is fine when it works better in context.
en Can’t …, Could not … (File could not be found, File can’t be found) -> मेळना...
en Failed to …, Failure of … (Failed to connect, Failure to connect) -> अपेस आयलɅ...
en Can’t find …, Could not find …, Unable to find …, Unable to locate … (Can’t find driver software, Could not find driver software, Unable to find driver software, Unable to locate driver software) -> सोद लागना...
en Not enough memory, Insufficient memory, There is not enough memory, There is not enough memory available -> फावोशी मॅमोरȣ ना
en ... is not available, ... is unavailable (The command is not available, The command is unavailable) -> ...उपलब्ध ना
With placeholders, anticipate what replaces the placeholder so the sentence stays grammatical.
%d, %ld, %u, %lu mean <number>. %c means <letter>. %s means <string>.
"Checking Web %1!d! of %2!d!" means "Checking Web <number> of <number>."
INI file "%1!-.200s!" section means INI file "<string>" section.
en Replace invalid %s? (user sees Replace invalid data?, Replace invalid file?) -> अवैध %s चीहाची पुनस्थार्पणूक करपाची?
en %s already exists (user sees File already exists, Name already exists) -> %s आदȣंच अिस्तत्वांत आसा
en %s is now set as your personal contact. (user sees Regina is now set as your personal contact, Mr. Kim is now set as your personal contact) -> %s आतां तुमचो खाजगी संपकार् वरȣ मांडला.
en %s stopped working and was closed (user sees The application stopped working and was closed, The program stopped working and was closed) -> %s काम करपाचɅ थांबलɅ आनी बंद जालɅ.
Keyboard shortcuts, also called access keys, are the underlined or highlighted letters in menu options, commands and dialog boxes. They run commands and perform tasks faster.
Slim characters such as I, l, t, r, f as keyboard shortcuts: yes. Konkani characters cannot be called slim compared to the Roman ones.
Characters with downstrokes such as g, j, y, p, q as keyboard shortcuts: yes. Konkani characters are written with a line on their head, following the Devanagari pattern.
Extended characters as keyboard shortcuts: no. Konkani conjuncts, which combine two consonants, cannot be keyboard shortcuts.
An additional letter in brackets after the item name as keyboard shortcut: no.
A number in brackets after the item name as keyboard shortcut: yes.
A punctuation sign in brackets after the item name as keyboard shortcut: no. Many clear, simple letters are available instead.
Duplicate keyboard shortcuts when no other character is available: yes, only in special cases.
No keyboard shortcut assigned when no more characters are available (minor options only): no.
Only primary characters can be keyboard shortcuts. Conjunct letters, and consonants with secondary symbols added, cannot.
Keyboard layout: InScript, standardized by the Indian government, with the Mangal font. Konkani uses the same Devanagari InScript layout as Hindi and Marathi, unlike Nepali.
Phonetic or Bolnagri keyboard input methods are used mainly on Linux. Use the InScript keyboard, soft and physical.
Localize the keyboard shortcuts. Konkani, Marathi and Hindi shortcut words are very similar, so localize the same keys.
Reasons to localize: a large population of Hindi end users, a good share of whom use Konkani keyboards; the keyboards are not phonetic, so Konkani letters do not appear next to the English-sounding letters; soft keyboards follow phonetic layouts but are used much less than transliteration software; only one typing format exists, standard Devanagari (Mangal), with Caps Lock or Shift for mahaprana consonants, diacritics and special cases; Devanagari keyboard stickers are available for rural users and school children.
Select all - &A: सगलɅ वɅच्चɅǓनवड करची, Nivda karichi
Print - &P: मुद्रण करचɅ, Mudruna karche
Open - &O: उगडचɅ, Ugdachein
Quit - &Q: सोडचɅ, sodchem
Close - &W: बंद करचɅ/ धांपचɅ, Bandh karchein/ dhopuchein
Bold - &B: ठळक, talak
Italic - &I: पालशीं, Palsheer/palshein
Underline-&U: अधोरेखीत, adhorekhit
New - &N: नवɅ, navem
Help - &?: आदार, adar
Access key: a subtype of keyboard shortcut. A letter or number the user types to reach UI controls that have text labels. Assigned to top-level controls so the user can move through the UI quickly. Example F in Alt+F. In UI localization H&ome. Most access keys are used with the Alt key.
Key tip: the letter or number that appears in the ribbon when Alt is pressed. In UI localization the key tip is the last character after the ` character. Example HomeH`
Shortcut key: a subtype of keyboard shortcut. A key the user types to perform a common action without going through the UI. Not available for every command. Examples Ctrl+N, Ctrl+V. Most shortcut keys are used with the Ctrl key. Ctrl+letter combinations and function keys F1 through F12 are usually the best choices.