Dari dictionaries are few. When the references above have no suitable translation, use Iranian Persian dictionaries, adapt the Persian translation to Dari culture, and avoid terms used only in Persian.
Persian dictionaries: Narcis Dictionary for Farsi)سیسران گنهرف(, Aria Online Dictionary for Farsi)ایرآ نیالنآ گنهرف(, Farhang Muaser for Farsi)رصاعم گنهرف(, Dehkhoda Online Dictionary for Farsi – Loghatnameh)ادخهد همانتغل(.
UI reference: Windows User Experience Interaction Guidelines.
Use approved terminology for key terms, technical terms, and product names.
en App: use app, not application or program.
en Pick, choose: use pick in fun, less formal or lightweight situations (pick a color, not choose a color), choose for formal situations. Do not use select unless the UI needs it.
en Drive: for any drive type (hard drive, CD drive, external hard drive). Use the specific drive type if needed.
en Get: OK as a synonym for obtain or come into possession of. Avoid it for other general meanings.
en Info: use in most situations unless information fits better. Use info when you point the reader elsewhere (for more info, see <link>).
en PC: for personal computing devices. Use computer for situations about PCs and Macs. Never switch between PC and computer.
en You: address the user as you, with first- and second-person pronouns. Avoid third-person references such as user.
Short forms are uncommon in Dari. Most terms do not exist in Dari, so they must be expanded and more descriptive to carry the meaning. Clarity comes first.
The password isn't correct, so please try again. Passwords are case-sensitive. -> این رمز عبور درست نیست، لطفاً دوباره کوشش کنید. رمز عبور به کوچک یا بزرگ بودن حروف حساس است.
This product key didn't work. Please check it and try again. -> این کلید محصول کار نمی کند. لطف ًا آن را ببینید و دوباره کوشش کنید.
All ready to go -> ھمه چیز آماده است
Give your PC a name—any name you want. If you want to change the background color, turn high contrast off in PC settings. -> کامپیوتر تانرا یک نام بدھید – ھر نامی که می خواھید. اگر شما می خواھید رنگ پس زمینه را تغییر بدھید، در تنظیمات کامپیوتر کانتراست باال را خاموش نمایید.
Promote a feature:
Picture password is a new way to help you protect your touchscreen PC. You choose the picture—and the gestures you use with it—to create a password that's uniquely yours. -> رمز عبور تصویری یک روش جدید است که شما را در حفظ کردن کامپیوتر صفحه لمس تان کمک می کند. شما عکس – و ژستی که شما ھمرای آن استفاده می کنید – را انتخاب می کنید تا یک رمز عبوری ایجاد کنید که منحصرا از شما باشد.
Let apps give you personalized content based on your PC's location, name, account picture, and other domain info. -> اجازه بدھید برنامه ھا بر اساس موقعیت کامپیوتر، اسم، عکس حساب، و معلومات دیگرتان به شما محتوای شخصی بدھد.
Provide how-to guidelines:
To go back and save your work, click Cancel and finish what you need to. -> برای پس رفتن و حفظ نمودن کارتان، لغو را کلیک نموده و چیزی را که می خواھید تمام کنید.
To confirm your current picture password, just watch the replay and trace the example gestures shown on your picture. -> برای تصدیق عکس رمز عبور فعلی تان، فقط پخش مجدد را تماشا کنید و نمونۀ ژست ھایی که در عکس تان نشان داده شده را دنبال کنید.
Explanatory text and support:
The updates are installed, but Windows 10 Setup needs to restart for them to work. After it restarts, we'll keep going from where we left off. -> بروز رسانی ھا نصب شده اند، اما تنظیمات Windows 10 باید برای آنھا مجدد ًا آغاز شود تا آنھا کار کنند. بعد از آغاز مجدد، از جایی که خاموش شده بود ادامه می دھیم.
If you restart now, you and any other people using this PC could lose unsaved work. -> اگر شما حاال مجدد آغاز می کنید، شما یا ھر کسی دیگر که از این کامپیوتر استفاده می کند ممکن است کار حفظ نشده را از دست بدھد.
Something bad happened! Unable to locate downloaded files to create your bootable USB flash drive. -> مشکلی پیش آمده است! فایل ھای داونلود شده برای ساختن فلش راه اندازی پیدا نشد.
Abbreviate words in the UI (mainly button or option names) only for lack of space.
Dari has very few abbreviations, most of them in mathematics. Never invent an abbreviation just to match the English one.
Acceptable abbreviations: AM -> ق.ظ, CD -> سی دی, CPU -> سی پی یو, USB -> USB, PM -> ب.ظ, RAM -> RAM, ROM -> ROM.
Never abbreviate these: C (Celsius) as س گ, CM as س م, Grams as گ, KB as کی بی, MB as مگ, GB as گیگ, TB as ترا, KHz as ک ه, MHz as م ه, Mm as م م, MS as ام اس, PB as پی بی, U.S. as یو اس.
Acronyms are not common in Dari, though some western acronyms are transliterated: OPEC is written and pronounced اوپیک.
Keep the acronym as in English, then give the translated full form in parentheses. RAM stays as is, followed by حافظه با دسترسی تصادفی in parentheses. This introduces the term and lets the user get familiar with it. Do the same with acronyms and sometimes abbreviations.
OPEC -> اوپیک
NASA -> ناسا
ISAF -> آیساف
RAM -> حافظه با دسترسی تصادفی
Some acronyms stay in English, neither translated nor transliterated, when the acronym is so well established as an English word that it is standardized, or when transliteration would give an unacceptable word in Dari.
Presenting an acronym fully in English in documentation, followed by its full spelling in English, is acceptable: ANSI (American National Standards Institute).
In software UI, dialogs and menus, respect spacing constraints. When space does not permit the practice above, use the English acronym: ANSI.
ROM -> ROM
MB -> MB
GB -> GB
To keep the text fluent and avoid text-direction issues with English characters inside a localized sentence, localize such abbreviations in full form (MB as میگابایت). In short phrases and tables, keep them in English.
Conjunctions convey a conversational tone. Starting a sentence with a conjunction gives an informal tone and style.
Sentence-initial conjunctions occur in Dari, though not widely. They give a more conversational, non-formal tone. Use them.
People are left behind due to lack of education.: classic به دلیل عدم سواد کافی مردم عقب مانده ھستند -> modern بخاطریکه مردم بی سواد ھستند پس مانده اند
This product includes special features and everyone may not use it.: classic خصوصیات ویژه این محصول اجازه نمیدھد ھر شخصی به آن دسترسی داشته باشد -> modern این محصول خصوصیات ویژه دارد و ھر کس نمیتواند آنرا استفاده کند
Having enough information is not enough, one should also have experience.: classic معلومات به حد کافی نمیتواند انسان را بجایی برساند؛ تجربه ھم جزء اساسی کار است -> modern با وجود داشتن معلومات به حد کافی انسان بجایی نمیرسد او تجربه ھم باید داشته باشد
Achieving scientific goals is continuous work and should not be limited by time.: classic حصول اھداف علمی یک عمل جاریه است؛ نمیتوان آنرا محدود به زمان کرد -> modern حصول اھداف علمی یک عمل جاریه است و نباید آنرا محدود به زمان کرد
Dari nouns have singular and plural forms. The verb agrees with the noun subject in number. When the plural subject is not a living thing, the verb can stay singular.
کتابھا به فروش رفت.
کتابھا به فروش رفتند.
Inflection modifies a word to express tense, mood, voice, aspect, person, number, gender and case.
تصریف تغییر دادن یک واژه )یا دقیقتر بنواژ( برای بازتاب آگاھیھای دستورزبانی چون جنس، زمان فعل، شمار، چگونگی و َ کس میباشد.
وندھای تصریفی در زبان پارسی دری جھت گرداندن و صرف اسم یا فعل در معانی گوناگون متعلق به ھمان اسم یا فعل به کار می روند.
to try -> کوشیدن
tried -> کوشید
was trying -> می کوشید
try to -> بکوش
effort -> کوشش
diligent -> کوشنده
I have tried to -> کوشیده ام
Plural formation: use )اه( for most words. Use )تا( for words ending with )ه(, and delete that )ه(. In other cases, choose the plural form per the word.
Use the correct preposition. Do not omit prepositions or change the word order under English influence.
Prepositions help convey a casual, conversational tone. Starting or ending a sentence with a preposition is acceptable.
service request -> )+( درخواست خدمات, not )-( خدمات درخواست. The translation ]تساوخرد تامدخ[ is the opposite of the correct one and is not correct.
People with access to this site can use it.: classic اشخاصی که دارای اجازه دسترسی ھستند میتوانند از این وب سایت استفاده کنند -> modern کسانیکه اجازه دسترسی به این سایت دارند میتوانند از آن استفاده کنند
Producers can go to the application administration site and complete the required forms.: classic تولید کنندگان میتوانند به وب سایت مدیریت درخواست بروند تا فورمه ھای که میخواھند بدست بیاورند -> modern تولید کنندگان میتوانند به سایت مدیریت درخواست بروند و فورمه ھای مورد نیاز شانرا پیدا کنند
Owners of this product can grant access to them.: classic صاحبان این محصول میتوانند اجازه دسترسی را بدھند -> modern صاحبان این محصول میتوانند اجازه دسترسی به آنھا بدھند
Users must enter their password for using this website.: classic برای استفاده از این وب سایت استفاده کننده ھا باید کلمه عبور شان را داخل کنند -> modern استفاده کننده ھا باید کلمه عبور خود را برای استفاده از این وب سایت داخل کنند
Address the user directly with first- and second-person pronouns like you. Avoid third-person references such as user.
Dari has two second-person pronouns: plural )امش زا ،امش( and singular )وت زا ،وت(. Never use the singular second person in Dari; it shows lack of respect, belittles the user, and belongs to colloquial and slang speech.
Dari does not distinguish gender in the third person. Instead of he)هچب نآ ،رکذم نآ ،درم نآ( and she)رتخد ،رتخدنآ ،ثنوم نآ ،نز نآ(, use the gender-neutral pronoun )وا(. Keep the gender-neutral pronoun unless specified otherwise.
The term user sounds very uncommon in localized Dari software. Avoid it whenever possible; use the common pronouns above.
You can change when new updates get installed. -> بعد از نصب تجدید، شما میتوانید تغیر دھید.
Choose one of these schemes or make your own. -> یکی از این طرح ھا را انتخاب کنید یا یکی از خود را بسازید.
Remember my password. -> رمز عبور مرا بیاد داشته باشید
Tell me when a new Bluetooth device tries to connect to my PC. -> ھنگام که یک آلۀ جدید بلوتوت کوشش میکند با کامپیوتر من اتصال کند، به من بگوید
We recommend that you back up your files on a regular schedule. -> ما پیشنھاد میکنیم تا کاپی پشتیبان فایل ھای تان را به شکل زمانبندی منظم بگیرید.
We strongly discourage you from installing these codec packs. -> ما تقاضا میکنیم تا از نصب کردن این بسته ھای کو ِدک خودداری کنید.
We can't find a printer. Do you want to add one? -> ما ماشین چاپ را پیدا نمی توانیم. آیا میخواھید یکی عالوه کنید؟
The information we collect won't be used to personally identify you. -> معلومات را که جمع آوری میکنیم برای شناسایی فردی شما استفاده نمی شود.
It only takes a minute or two – then you're ready to call your friends free over Skype -> فقط چند دقیقه طول میکشد – پس از آن آمادگی دارید قسم با دوستان تان به تماس شویدSkypeرایگان از طریق
We are unable to verify your number. -> شماره شما را تایید کرده نمیتوانیم.
No semicolons. Two shorter sentences read better than one long sentence.
No exclamation marks. Choose stronger words.
Use an em dash to set off an isolated element or to introduce an item that is not essential to the meaning.
Bulleted lists: localize per the source text. Dari uses bulleted lists.
Comma: separates words and brings pauses into sentences.
)+( احمد، محمود، قاسم و قیص به بازار میروند.
)+( آنھا برای خرید کتاب، کتابچه، قلم و اشیای ضروری برای مکتب به بازار رفته اند.
Colon: shows a following list or names in order.
)+( برای آمادگیکانکوربایدکتابھایذیلرامطالعھکنید: کیزف• یژولایب• هسدنه• یضایر• ایمیک•
Hyphen: divides words between syllables, links parts of a compound word, and connects the parts of an inverted or imperative verb form. Dari use is similar to English.
En dash: used as a minus sign, usually with spaces before and after. Same in Dari. -2 degrees -> هجرد 2- for temperature.
En dash also marks number ranges such as page numbers, with no spaces. Same in Dari. Pages 23-26 -> صفحات 26-23. Also used for date and time duration.
Em dash: only to emphasize an isolated element or introduce an element that is not essential to the meaning. Same in Dari. A group of people—some of whom weren't of legal age—had applied to work at the factory. -> یک گروه از مردم – که بعضی از ایشان به سن قانونی نرسیده بودند – برای کار در کارخانه درخواست داده بودند.
Text direction differs between Dari and English, so a dash can break a range: 23-28 can display as 28-23 in wrong LTR direction. Translate X-Y as X to Y, for example 23 الی 28, so the small part always comes first.
Period: shows the end of statements. Ahmed is a talented student. -> احمد یک دانشجوی با استعداد ھست.
Quotation marks: mark quoted statements. The source may surround software references with English quotation marks. Dari uses double quotation marks. )+( مثالً، پیامبر اسالم میفرمایند: "نظافت جزءاز ایمان است "
Parentheses: no space between the parentheses and the text inside. In Dari, put non-Dari words and, usually, digits used mid-text in parentheses.
)+( مثالً، بخاطری خاموش کردن کامپیوتر خود، دکمۀ خاموش )Shutdown( را کلیک نمایید.
برای معلومات بیشتر، با شمارۀ )77 0093 #######( در تماس شوید.
Use simple tenses. Simple present is easiest to understand. Avoid future tense unless the event really happens in the future and simple present cannot work. Use simple past for events that already happened.
After entry to the website, you will find the required information.: classic بعد از وارد شدن به این وب سایت شما معلومات الزم را دریافت خواھید کرد -> modern بعد از وارد شدن به وب سایت شما معلومات الزم را دریافت میکنید
Installation of this software confirms your agreement with this company and its conditions.: classic ھنگام که این نرم افزار نصب شود توافق شما را با این شرکت و شرایط آن تائید خواھید کرد -> modern نصب کردن این نرم افزار توافق شما را با این شرکت و شرایط آن تائید میکند
Enter your password to enter this website.: classic زمانیکه رمز عبور داخل شود شما میتوانید داخل وب سایت شوید -> modern برای داخل شدن به این وب سایت رمز عبور تان را داخل کنید
This software will be evaluated after its use.: classic بررسی این نرم افزار بعد از استفاده اش صورت خواھد گرفت -> modern بعد از استفاده کردن این نرم افزار بررسی عمومی میشود
The localized text reads as if originally written in Dari, with idiomatic syntax and terminology, and high terminological consistency.
Accuracy: translate all English text. Text may be omitted or added only for a specific reason; check with the project team. The translation reflects product functionality correctly.
Localization: adapt to local language, customs and standards. Use Dari names rather than English ones: Edward -> Hamid, New York -> Kabul. Do not translate every word; use the style natural for Dari.
Consistency: use terminology consistently within one component and across components (software, help, documentation), and in most cases across products. Keep style and register consistent. Translate similar phrases consistently.
Product and application names are rarely translated. Feature names are occasionally trademarked too, for example IntelliSense™. Before translating any application, product, or feature name, verify that it is translatable and not protected.
In Dari, product names are not translated. Keep them in English.
Version 10.3 -> نسخۀ 10.3
Version numbers are usually part of version strings, but are not the same thing.
The localized product responds to the particular situation in the target country or region.
Sensitive or potentially offensive issues can occur in maps, flags, country/region, city and language names, art and graphics, and cultural content such as encyclopedia content and other text with historical or political references.
Check maps and other graphical representations of countries and regions for accuracy and existing political restrictions. Country/region, city, and language names change regularly; check them even if previously approved.
Use non-sensitive terms where they work. Instead of َکس and َکسی, use شخص and شخصی.
Checking cultural content, clip art, religious symbols, and body and hand gestures needs a thorough understanding of the target market culture.
Error messages tell the user of an error that must be corrected for the program to keep running. They can prompt an action or tell the user that the computer needs restarting.
Apply the voice principles so the target reads natural and empathetic, not robot-like.
Oops, that can't be blank... -> این قسمت نباید خالی بماند ...
Not enough memory to process this command. -> حافظه برای اجرای این دستور کافی نیست.
Use consistent terminology and language style. Do not just translate error messages as they appear in the US product.
Use the target phrases below for standard phrases. Other wording is fine when it works better in context.
Can't …, Could not … -> نمی تواند ..., نمی شود...: پرونده باز نمی شود.
Failed to …, Failure of … -> در ... ناکام شد.: در باز نمودن پرونده ناکام شد.
Can't find …, Could not find …, Unable to find …, Unable to locate … -> نمی تواند پیدا کند ..., پیدا نمی شود...: نمی تواند کلمۀ وارد شده را پیدا کند.
Not enough memory, Insufficient memory, There is not enough memory, There is not enough memory available -> حافظه کافی نمی باشد.: برای نصب این برنامه حافظه کافی نمی باشد.
... is not available, ... is unavailable -> ... میسر نمی باشد.: خدمات مورد نیاز میسر نمی باشد.
For messages with placeholders, anticipate what replaces the placeholder so the sentence stays grammatically correct.
%d, %ld, %u, %lu mean <number>; %c means <letter>; %s means <string>.
"Checking Web %1!d! of %2!d!" means "Checking Web <number> of <number>."
"INI file "%1!-.200s!" section" means "INI file "<string>" section."
Underlined or highlighted letters in menu options, commands or dialog boxes are keyboard shortcuts, also called access keys. They run commands or perform tasks more quickly.
Slim characters such as I, l, t, r, f: not allowed as keyboard shortcuts.
Characters with downstrokes such as g, j, y, p, q: not allowed.
Extended characters: not allowed.
An additional letter between brackets after the item name: not allowed.
A number between brackets after the item name: not allowed.
A punctuation sign between brackets after the item name: not allowed.
Duplicate keyboard shortcuts when no other character is available: not allowed.
No keyboard shortcut assigned when no more characters are available, minor options only: not allowed.
Access key: a subtype of keyboard shortcut. A letter or number the user types to reach UI controls that have text labels. Assigned to top-level controls so the user can move through the UI quickly with the keyboard. Example: F in Alt+F. In UI localization: H&ome. Most access keys are used with the Alt key.
Key tip: the letter or number that appears in the ribbon when Alt is pressed. In UI localization, the key tip is the last character after the ` character. Example: Home`H.
Shortcut key: a subtype of keyboard shortcut. A key the user types to perform a common action without going through the UI. Not available for every command. Example: Ctrl+N, Ctrl+V. Most shortcut keys are used with the Ctrl key. Ctrl+letter combinations and function keys F1 through F12 are usually the best choices.
Pronounce unlocalized English terms and product names the English way. Microsoft is pronounced the English way. When Dari has an established pronunciation for a common term such as server, use the local pronunciation. Adapt pronunciation to the Dari phonetic system when the original sounds very awkward in Dari.
SecurID -> [sı'kjuər aı di:], سکیور آی دی
.NET -> [dot net], دات نِت
Skype -> [eskaip]. An epenthetic e is pronounced before [sk]. Formal writing and speaking avoids that e, but pronouncing it without the e is difficult, so the e is used generally.
Pronounce acronyms like real words, as close to the original English as possible.
RADIUS -> رادیوس
RAS -> راس
ISA -> آیسا
LAN -> َ ل ن
WAN -> وَ ن
WAP -> وَ پ
MAPI -> ماپی
POP -> پاپ
URL -> یو آر ِال
Pronounce other abbreviations letter by letter.
ICMP -> آی سی ام پی
IP -> آی پی
TCP/IP -> تی سی پی/آی پی
XML -> اکس ام ال
HTML -> اچ تی ام ال
OWA -> او وا
SQL -> اس کیو ال
URLs: omit http://. Read the rest of the URL entirely.
Pronounce www as دابلیو دابلیو دابلیو.
Omit the dot, or read it out. When read out, pronounce it the Dari way, as نقطه.
http://www.microsoft.com -> اچ تی تی پی کالن دابل سلش دابلیو دابلیو دابلیو دات مایکروسافت دات کام
Most punctuation marks are implied by the sound of voice, for example ?, !, :, ;, ,.
En dash – emphasizes an isolated element. Pronounce it as a comma, a short pause.
Pronounce special characters such as /, \, ˘, <, >, +, - using the approved Dari translations.